Claude Monet ( * 1840 † 1926 )

Artist Claude Monet

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Claude Monet is considered the epitome of Impressionism and ranks among the most significant painters in art history. Born on November 14, 1840, in Paris, Claude Monet (Oscar-Claude Monet) spent his childhood in Le Havre. There, he developed his artistic talent early on, particularly for caricatures, which he sold between 1856 and 1858. These works caught the attention of the painter Eugène Boudin, who provided him with initial guidance in landscape painting and encouraged him to paint directly in nature—a practice Monet would later perfect.

In 1859, Monet moved to Paris, where he attended the Académie Suisse and established important connections, including with Camille Pissarro, another pioneer of Impressionism. In 1862/63, Monet met Frédéric Bazille, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, and Alfred Sisley in the studio of Charles Gleyre. Together, they experimented with new techniques and colors to capture the fleeting effects of light and atmosphere. During this period, some of Monet's early masterpieces were created, quickly making him successful in the salons of 1865 and 1866.

In 1870, Monet married Camille Doncieux, who had already served as a model for some of his paintings. With her and Pissarro, he fled to London during the Franco-Prussian War to avoid military service. In London, he met the art dealer Paul Durand-Ruel, who later became an important supporter of Impressionism. After returning to France, Monet settled in Argenteuil near Paris, where he created many of his most famous landscape paintings.

The first Impressionist exhibition took place in Paris in 1874, and Monet's work "Impression, soleil levant" (1872) became the namesake of the movement. Impressionism radically broke with traditional art concepts, prioritizing the immediate effect of light and color over clear contours and detailed drawing.

After the death of his wife Camille in 1879, Monet later married Alice Hoschedé, who supported him in his work. From 1883, Monet lived in a spacious house in Giverny, where he created a magnificent garden with a famous water lily pond. This garden became an inexhaustible source of inspiration for Monet and dominated his artistic output until his death. His water lily paintings, especially the monumental series created in the last decades of his life, are now considered masterpieces of art history.

Monet devoted his life to depicting nature and its moods. He painted the same motif—be it the Cathedral of Rouen, the haystacks in the fields, or the water lily pond in Giverny—at different times of the day and year to capture the changes brought by light and atmosphere. He was particularly fascinated by the reflection of water and the interplay of light and shadow reflections.

Claude Monet died on December 5, 1926, in Giverny and was buried in the local cemetery. His work continues to influence art history and is considered a milestone in modern painting.

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