Joan Miró was born on April 20, 1893, in Barcelona. Even as a child, he showed a strong inclination towards art, though his father initially wanted him to pursue a commercial career. After a brief period in an office, Miró decided to follow his passion and began studying at the La Llotja Art Academy and the Escola d’Art in Barcelona in 1912. Early on, influenced by Catalan folk art, Fauvism, and Cubism, Miró developed his own poetic visual language in the 1910s.
In the 1920s, Miró moved to Paris, where he became connected with the Surrealist movement. Inspired by dreams, automatisms, and the world of the unconscious, he created imaginative compositions with vibrant colors, signs, and symbols. Despite his close relationship with the Surrealists, he always maintained his artistic independence. His works from this period exhibit an increasingly abstract vocabulary, where human, animal, and cosmic elements playfully merge.
With his growing international success, Miró began to explore new media and techniques. In addition to painting, he engaged in printmaking, ceramics, sculpture, and mural painting. Many of his iconic works, considered among the most significant of the 20th century, were created in the 1940s and 50s. Yet, he remained true to his artistic universe: a realm of dots, lines, vibrant color fields, and symbolic figures.
Joan Miró saw his art as a form of freedom—a creative rebellion against conventions, political oppression, and the constraints of reality. During the Spanish Civil War and the Franco dictatorship, he lived and worked mostly in France and on Mallorca, which later became his chosen home. During this time, he produced numerous works that reflect his inner turmoil but also his unyielding creative spirit.
Joan Miró passed away on December 25, 1983, in Palma de Mallorca. To this day, he is regarded as one of the most important modern artists. His distinctive visual language, which combines lightness with depth, continues to influence generations of artists worldwide. In Barcelona, the Fundació Joan Miró commemorates the artist's life and work—a place that keeps his imaginative view of the world alive.
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